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<body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Documentation Common to Pack and Http Protocols</h1>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_abnf_notation">ABNF Notation</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>ABNF notation as described by RFC 5234 is used within the protocol documents,
except the following replacement core rules are used:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>  HEXDIG    =  DIGIT / "a" / "b" / "c" / "d" / "e" / "f"</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>We also define the following common rules:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>  NUL       =  %x00
  zero-id   =  40*"0"
  obj-id    =  40*(HEXDIGIT)

refname  =  "HEAD"
  refname /=  "refs/" &lt;see discussion below&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A refname is a hierarchical octet string beginning with "refs/" and
not violating the <em>git-check-ref-format</em> command&#8217;s validation rules.
More specifically, they:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
They can include slash <code>/</code> for hierarchical (directory)
  grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
  dot <code>.</code>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
They must contain at least one <code>/</code>. This enforces the presence of a
  category like <code>heads/</code>, <code>tags/</code> etc. but the actual names are not
  restricted.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
They cannot have two consecutive dots <code>..</code> anywhere.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
  values are lower than \040, or \177 <code>DEL</code>), space, tilde <code>~</code>,
  caret <code>^</code>, colon <code>:</code>, question-mark <code>?</code>, asterisk <code>*</code>,
  or open bracket <code>[</code> anywhere.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
They cannot end with a slash <code>/</code> nor a dot <code>.</code>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
They cannot end with the sequence <code>.lock</code>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
They cannot contain a sequence <code>@{</code>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
They cannot contain a <code>\\</code>.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_pkt_line_format">pkt-line Format</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Much (but not all) of the payload is described around pkt-lines.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A pkt-line is a variable length binary string.  The first four bytes
of the line, the pkt-len, indicates the total length of the line,
in hexadecimal.  The pkt-len includes the 4 bytes used to contain
the length&#8217;s hexadecimal representation.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A pkt-line MAY contain binary data, so implementors MUST ensure
pkt-line parsing/formatting routines are 8-bit clean.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A non-binary line SHOULD BE terminated by an LF, which if present
MUST be included in the total length.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The maximum length of a pkt-line&#8217;s data component is 65520 bytes.
Implementations MUST NOT send pkt-line whose length exceeds 65524
(65520 bytes of payload + 4 bytes of length data).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Implementations SHOULD NOT send an empty pkt-line ("0004").</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A pkt-line with a length field of 0 ("0000"), called a flush-pkt,
is a special case and MUST be handled differently than an empty
pkt-line ("0004").</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>  pkt-line     =  data-pkt / flush-pkt

data-pkt     =  pkt-len pkt-payload
  pkt-len      =  4*(HEXDIG)
  pkt-payload  =  (pkt-len - 4)*(OCTET)

flush-pkt    = "0000"</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Examples (as C-style strings):</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>  pkt-line          actual value
  ---------------------------------
  "0006a\n"         "a\n"
  "0005a"           "a"
  "000bfoobar\n"    "foobar\n"
  "0004"            ""</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2013-06-10 20:01:55 UTC
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